Abstract. The spatial heterogeneity of soil cover and land productivity on the plains of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine due to the presence of microrelief is considered. It has been established that water accumulates in micro-depressions during snowmelt and spring-summer showers, which is filtered deep and significantly changes the water regime of the soil and, accordingly, its genesis, properties and fertility. Field studies made it possible to quantify the loss of winter wheat yield on various morpho-elements of micro-depressions, which ranged from 16% in shallow depressions to 67% in deep depressions. And to assess the impact of microrelief on the productivity of the whole field, an empirical formula is proposed. The efficiency of using drones (UAVs) to study the characteristics of the water regime of soils, as well as to monitor the condition of crops of different crops.