It is determined that distributed ledger technology (blockchain) and smart contracts provide unique opportunities to increase efficiency, transparency and tracking in the exchange of values ​​and information in the agricultural sector. Through the use of digital records and encryption, as well as the abandonment of intermediaries in the conclusion of agreements and storage of information, the blockchain can provide a variety of improvements, both supply chains for agricultural products and measures for rural development. The directions and features of introduction of blockchain technology in the agricultural sector are considered.